For long years after the IT boom began application development was restricted mainly to USA but after the slump of the mid 90s, the IT industry in US was forced to outsource work to other countries like India where work could be done for far less a cost than back home. This ushered in the new era of outsourcing. Initially application development outsourcing was avoided and only testing jobs were outsourced. Testing jobs included the proofreading of the entire coding and then finding the flaws or bugs if any and then fixing or debugging the program.